1. International Standard System Framework: ISO thiab cov qauv hauv cheeb tsam ua haujlwm ua ke li cas
Lub koom haum International rau Standardization (ISO), European Committee for Standardization (CEN), thiab lub teb chaws standardization cov koom haum ua hauj lwm ua ke los tsim cov thoob ntiaj teb cov qauv rau molded pulp ntim. Cov qauv no suav nrog kev nyab xeeb, kev ua haujlwm, thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig.
General Standards los ntawm ISO
ISO 18601 "Pulp molded khoom - Cov kev cai dav dav" yog cov qauv tseem ceeb uas tau lees paub uas tau tsim cov cai rau cov khoom siv los ua cov khoom ntim molded (piv txwv li, nws hais tias cov hlau hnyav thiab cov tshuaj fluorescent tsis pub dawb), lub cev (piv txwv li, nws hais tias lub ntim yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tiv taus qhov siab, kev poob siab, thiab qhov loj me). Piv txwv li, nws hais tias lub ntim yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov microbial txwv los yog hnyav residues). Piv txwv li, cov lus qhia no hais tias thaum ntim khoom kov cov khoom noj, cov hlau hnyav xws li txhuas, cadmium, thiab mercury uas tuaj yeem tawm ntawm lub ntim mus rau cov zaub mov yuav tsum tsawg dua 10mg / kg. Qhov no yog raws li EU PPWR txoj cai.
Cov qauv rau kev txhawb nqa cheeb tsam
EU PPWR Txoj Cai: Txoj Cai "Packaging and Packing Waste Regulation" yuav siv tau los ntawm xyoo 2026. Nws ua rau cov khoom ntim pwm ua tau raws li cov qauv nruj dua.
Kev nyab xeeb tshuaj: Nws yog txhaum txoj cai siv cov tshuaj perfluorinated thiab polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS) yog tias qhov concentration ntawm ib PFAS yog <25 ppb thiab tag nrho cov ntsiab lus fluorine tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 50 ppm;
Recyclability: Lub ntim lub porosity yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 50%, txawm hais tias lub porosity ntawm molded pulp ntim yuav khaws cia rau 30% vim txoj kev nws yog tsim;
Pib xyoo 2030, ntim khoom noj yuav tsum muaj 30% cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab. Moulded pulp ntim ib txwm haum rau cov qauv no vim nws yog tsim los ntawm cov fibers txuas ntxiv.
Cov txheej txheem tsim los ntawm US FDA: FDA 21 CFR Part 176 hais tias cov khoom siv molded siv hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus yuav tsum dhau qhov simulated migration test kom paub tseeb tias tsis muaj cov tshuaj txaus ntshai raug tso tawm ntawm qhov kub ntawm 100 degree. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub thawv ntim yuav tsum du thiab tsis tso cov fibers kom cov zaub mov tsis txhob qias neeg.
Cov qauv uas tshwj xeeb rau kev lag luam
IPC-A-610 "Acceptability Standards for Electronic Components" hais tias molded pulp ntim yuav tsum mus los ntawm kev vibration testing (frequency 10-55Hz, amplitude 1.5mm) thiab kub thiab high humidity testing (85℃/ 85% RH, 48 teev) los tiv thaiv precision qhov chaw. Piv txwv li, lub ntim rau ib hom ntawm drone propellers muaj cov qauv kev txhawb nqa honeycomb nrog lub zog compressive ntawm 120kPa, uas yog ntau dua li qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
2, Cov kev qhia tseem ceeb: ua tiav kev tswj cov txheej txheem los ntawm cov khoom siv raw mus rau cov khoom kawg
Cov txheej txheem thoob ntiaj teb saib xyuas molded pulp ntim txhua txoj hauv kev los ntawm cov khoom siv raw mus rau kev tsim khoom thiab kev sim. Qee qhov ntsuas tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog:
Kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv raw
Cov khoom siv fiber ntau: Siv cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv dua tshiab xws li cov ntaub ntawv pov tseg, cov hnab ntim qab zib, xyoob fiber ntau, thiab lwm yam es tsis txhob siv cov khib nyiab kho mob lossis cov khib nyiab uas muaj cov hlau hnyav.
Kev txwv ntxiv: EU PPWR txoj cai lij choj ua rau nws tsis raug cai los siv cov tshuaj txaus ntshai xws li PFAS thiab bisphenol A (BPA). US FDA, ntawm qhov tod tes, tso cai siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej uas yog GRAS (feem ntau suav tias muaj kev nyab xeeb), xws li chitosan thiab hmoov txhuv nplej siab -raws li txheej.
Cov khoom ntawm lub cev
TS EN ISO 18601 Kev ntim khoom yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tswj tau qhov siab zoo sib npaug ntawm "qhov loj ntawm lub ntim ntim x cia qhov siab (feem ntau 3m) x deterioration coefficient (1.6-2.0). Piv txwv li, ib yam ntawm lub laptop ntim tau ua rau nws lub siab tsis kam 30% zoo dua los ntawm kev hloov cov txheej txheem fibers;
Poob lub zog: Cov khoom yuav tsum dhau ntawm "ib lub ces kaum, peb npoo, rau sab" poob kev sim los ntawm qhov siab ntawm 0.8 mus rau 1m. Kev ua haujlwm thiab cov tsos ntawm cov khoom hauv lub thawv yuav tsum tsis txhob raug rhuav tshem. Hauv kev ntsuam xyuas poob los ntawm 1.5 meters, qee lub npe ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes ntim tau muaj cov khoom lag luam ncaj ncees feem pua ntawm 99.2%.
kev ua tau zoo rau ib puag ncig
Degradability: Nws yuav tsum ua tau raws li EU EN 13432 tus qauv, uas hais tias cov composting degradation tus nqi yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog 90% tom qab 180 hnub thiab cov khoom kawg yuav tsum tsis txhob ua phem rau ib puag ncig.
Cov pa roj carbon hneev taw: Lub Koom Haum Thoob Ntiaj Teb rau Cov Qauv Ua Haujlwm tau ua haujlwm ntawm ISO 14067, "Cov Khoom Muag Carbon Footprint Quantification Standard." Tus qauv no yuav yuam kom cov tuam txhab ntim khoom sib qhia tag nrho lawv cov ntaub ntawv carbon emissions txij thaum lawv yuav cov khoom siv raw mus txog thaum lawv muab pov tseg.
3, Cov kev cai sib txawv hauv cheeb tsam sib txawv: yuav ua li cas EU, Asmeskas, thiab Tuam Tshoj nkag mus rau hauv kev lag luam
kev lag luam sib txawv muaj ntau txoj cai rau molded pulp ntim, yog li cov lag luam yuav tsum tau hloov lawv cov khoom lag luam kom haum rau cov kev cai.
EU kev ua lag luam: cov cai nruj rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab tuaj yeem rov ua dua tshiab
PPWR txoj cai: Pib xyoo 2026, txhua lub ntim yuav tsum muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov ntaub ntawv dab tsi uas nws yog tsim los ntawm thiab siv ib daim ntawv sau npe. Los ntawm 2029 rau pem hauv ntej, ntim rov qab siv tau yuav tsum suav nrog cov ntawv ntshiab thiab QR code uas coj mus rau cov lus qhia rov ua dua tshiab. Moulded pulp ntim ua tau raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau vim tias nws tsuas yog tsim los ntawm ib hom khoom siv (feem ntau yog cog fibers) thiab muaj cov ntaub ntawv qhia meej. Piv txwv li, lub ntim rau ib hom ntawm lub mloog pob ntseg yog tsim los ntawm ntuj xyoob fiber ntau thiab tau sau tias "ua los ntawm 3 lub suab thaj." Qhov no tau ua rau muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev sib raug zoo thiab txhim kho cov khoom lag luam ib puag ncig.
Hauv Asmeskas kev lag luam, kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb sib npaug.
FDA certification: Ntim uas tuaj rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog zaub mov yuav tsum xeem dhau 21 CFR Part 176 xeem thiab ua tau raws li ASTM D6400 "Compostable Plastic Standard." Piv txwv li, ib lub npe ntawm cov khoom noj ceev ceev siv cov thawv ntim khoom noj khoom haus molded, uas tau dhau los ntawm FDA daim ntawv pov thawj thiab ua tiav hloov cov thawv ntim khoom noj khoom haus, nce kev lag luam los ntawm 25%.
Suav lag luam: thawb los ntawm kev cai lij choj thiab kev hloov kho tus qauv
Lub teb chaws tus qauv yog GB/T 42943-2023. "Technical specifications for pulp molded products" teev lub siab tsis kam, poob zog, thiab lwm yam qauv rau ntim uas tsis tuaj rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog zaub mov. "National Food Safety Standard - Food Contact Paper and Paperboard Materials and Products" teev cov qauv kev nyiam huv rau kev ntim khoom uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog zaub mov.
Kev them nyiaj yug rau txoj cai: "Technical Requirements for Energy Consumption per Unit Products of Pulp Molding Products" tus qauv uas yuav pib siv thaum Lub Xya Hli 2025 yuav txhawb kom cov lag luam siv hluav taws xob tsawg thiab ua kom lawv cov khoom siv tau zoo dua.
