Niaj hnub no, Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas tab tom thov EU tshiab - txoj cai dav dav ntawm kev ntim khoom, mus rautackle no tsis tu ncua qhov chaw ntawm pov tsegthiab ntawm cov neeg siv khoom ntxhov siab. Qhov nruab nrab, txhua tus European tsim yuav luag 180 kg ntawm ntim khib nyiab hauv ib xyoos. Ntim yog ib qho ntawm cov neeg siv tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nkauj xwb li 40% ntawm cov yas thiab 50% ntawm cov ntawv siv hauv EU yog destined rau ntim. Yog tias tsis muaj kev nqis tes ua, EU yuav pom ntxiv 19% nce ntxiv hauv ntim cov khoom pov tseg los ntawm 2030, thiab rau cov ntim khoom pov tseg txawm tias nce 46%.
Cov kev cai tshiab tsom kom tsis txhob muaj qhov sib txawv no. Rau cov neeg siv khoom, lawv yuav xyuas kom meejreusable ntim cov kev xaiv, tshem tawm cov ntim tsis tsim nyog, txwvoverpackaging, thiab muabdaim ntawv qhia meejlos txhawb kev rov ua dua tshiab kom raug. Rau kev lag luam, lawv yuav tsimkev lag luam tshiab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov tuam txhab me, txo qhov kev xav taucov ntaub ntawv nkauj xwb, txhawb cov teb chaws Europe lub peev xwm rov ua dua tshiab thiab ua rau cov teb chaws Europe tsawg dua nyob ntawm cov peev txheej tseem ceeb thiab cov khoom siv sab nraud. Lawv yuav muab cov khoom ntim rau ntawm txoj kev raukev nyab xeeb nruab nrablos ntawm 2050.
Lub Commission tseem coj kom meej meej rau cov neeg siv khoom thiab kev lag luam ntawmbiobased, compostable thiab biodegradable plastics: teeb tsa rau cov ntawv siv cov yas no tiag tiag rau ib puag ncig thiab yuav tsum tsim, pov tseg thiab siv dua li cas.
Cov lus pom zoo yog lub tsev tseem ceeb ntawm European Green Deal's Circular Economy Action Plan thiab nws lub hom phiaj ua kom cov khoom lag luam ruaj khov. Lawv kuj tau teb rau cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb ntawm cov neeg nyob sab Europe raws li tau hais hauv Lub Rooj Sab Laj ntawm Lub Neej Yav Tom Ntej ntawm Tebchaws Europe.
Tiv thaiv kev ntim khoom pov tseg, txhawb nqa rov siv dua thiab rov ua dua tshiab, thiab ua kom tag nrho cov ntim rov ua dua tshiab los ntawm 2030
Lub tswv yim kho dua ntawm EU txoj cai lij choj ntawm Kev ntim khoom thiab ntim pov tseg muaj peb lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb. Ua ntej, txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov khoom ntim khoom pov tseg: txo nws kom muaj nuj nqis,txwv tsis pub ntim khoomthiabtxhawb nqa rov siv tau thiab rov ua dua cov kev daws teeb meem. Thib ob, txhawm rau txhawb kev ua haujlwm siab ('kaw voj') rov ua dua: uatag nrho cov ntim ntawm EU ua lag luam recyclablenyob rau hauv txoj kev lag luam zoo los ntawm 2030. Thiab thaum kawg, kom txo tau qhov kev xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv ntuj tsim thiab tsim kom muaj kev ua lag luam zoo rau cov khoom siv raw,nce kev siv cov yas rov ua dua tshiabnyob rau hauv ntim los ntawm yuav tsum tau lub hom phiaj.
Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog mustxo cov ntim pov tseg los ntawm 15%los ntawm 2040 rau ib lub Xeev Tus Tswv Cuab ib tus neeg, piv rau 2018. Qhov no yuav ua rau tag nrho cov pov tseg hauv EU ntawm qee qhov 37% piv rau qhov xwm txheej yam tsis hloov txoj cai lij choj. Nws yuav tshwm sim los ntawmob leeg reuse thiab recycling.
Kom yugrov siv dua lossis rov ua duantawm kev ntim khoom, uas tau poob qis hauv 20 xyoo dhau los, cov tuam txhab yuav tsum tau muab qee feem pua ntawm lawv cov khoom rau cov neeg siv khoom hauv cov ntim khoom siv rov qab los yog rov ua dua tshiab, piv txwv li haus dej haus thiab pluas noj lossis e- kev lag luam xa khoom. Kuj tseem yuav muaj qee qhov kev tsim qauv ntawm kev ntim khoom thiab meejlabeling ntawm reusable ntim.
Rau chaw nyobmeej ntim khoom tsis tsim nyog,Qee hom kev ntim khoom yuav raug txwv, piv txwv li ib zaug - siv ntim khoom noj thiab dej haus thaum noj hauv khw noj mov thiab cafes, ib zaug - siv ntim rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub, tshuaj zawv plaub hau me me thiab lwm yam ntim me me hauv tsev so.
Ntau yam kev ntsuas tsom ua kom ntim khoomtag nrho recyclable los ntawm 2030.Qhov no suav nrogteeb tsa cov qauv tsimrau ntim; tsimyuav tsum tso nyiaj rov qab systemsrau lub raj mis yas thiab txhuas cov kaus poom; thiab ua kom pom tseeb tias yam tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov ntim yuav tsum yog compostable kom cov neeg siv khoom tuaj yeem pov cov no rau biowaste.
Tseem yuav muajQhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab uas cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum suav nrog hauv cov ntim yas tshiab.Qhov no yuav pab hloov cov yas rov ua dua tshiab rau hauv cov khoom siv tseem ceeb - raws li twb tau qhia los ntawm cov piv txwv ntawm PET lub raj mis hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm Ib Leeg-Siv Cov Lus Qhia Plastics.
Lub tswv yim yuavtshem tsis meej pemnyob rau hauv uas ntim belongs rau uas recycling bin. Txhua daim ntim yuav nqa ib daim ntawv qhia tias lub ntim yog ua los ntawm thiab nyob rau hauv uas cov dej khib nyiab yuav tsum mus. Cov thawv ntim khib nyiab yuav nqa tib daim ntawv lo. Tib lub cim yuav raug siv txhua qhov chaw hauv EU.
Los ntawm 2030, cov kev ntsuas tau npaj yuav ua rau cov pa hluav taws xob hauv tsev cog khoom los ntawm kev ntim khoom mus rau 43 lab tonnes piv rau 66 lab yog tias tsis hloov txoj cai lij choj - qhov txo qis yog ntau npaum li cov pa hluav taws xob txhua xyoo ntawm Croatia. Kev siv dej yuav raug txo los ntawm1,1mn ib3. Tus nqi ntawm ib puag ncig kev puas tsuaj rau kev lag luam thiab tib neeg yuav raug txo los ntawm € 6.4 billion txheeb ze rau lub hauv paus 2030.
Ib leeg -siv ntim kev lag luam yuav tsum tau nqis peev rau hauv kev hloov pauv, tab sis qhovtag nrho kev lag luam thiab kev tsim ua haujlwm cuam tshuam hauv EU yog qhov zoo. Kev txhawb nqa rov siv dua ib leeg yuav tsum ua rau ntau dua 600,000 txoj haujlwm hauv kev rov siv dua los ntawm 2030, ntau ntawm lawv ntawm cov tuam txhab me thiab nruab nrab hauv zos. Peb cia siab ntauinnovation nyob rau hauv cov kev daws teeb meemua kom yooj yim los txo, rov siv dua thiab rov ua dua tshiab. Kev ntsuas kuj tseem xav kom txuag nyiaj: txhua tus neeg European tuaj yeem txuag yuav luag € 100 toj ib xyoo, yog tias cov lag luam txhais cov nyiaj khaws cia rau cov neeg siv khoom.
Tshem tawm tsis meej pem ntawm biobased, biodegradable thiab compostable plastics
Kev siv thiab tsim cov khoom siv biobased, biodegradable thiab compostable plastics tau nce tsis tu ncua. Ib tug naj npawb ntawmCov xwm txheej yuav tsum tau ua kom tau raws li cov yas no kom muaj kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig zoo, tsis yog exacerbating plastic pollution, kev hloov pauv huab cua thiab biodiversity poob.
Lub Commission lub moj khaum tshiab qhia meej txog txoj kev twg cov yas no tuaj yeem yog ib feem ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej.
Biomass siv los tsim biobased plasticsyuav tsum muaj kev ruaj ntseg, tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau ib puag ncig thiab hais txog 'cascading siv biomass' txoj cai: cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum tau ua ntej siv cov khoom pov tseg thiab los ntawm - cov khoom ua khoom noj. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev ntxhua khaub ncaws thiab tsis txhob ua rau cov neeg siv khoom tsis txaus ntseeg, cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov lus thov dav dav ntawm cov khoom yas xws li 'bioplastics' thiab 'biobased'. Thaum sib txuas lus ntawm cov ntsiab lus biobased, cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum xa mus rau qhov tseeb thiab ntsuas tau ntawm cov ntsiab lus biobased yas hauv cov khoom (piv txwv li: 'cov khoom muaj 50% biobased plastics').
Biodegradable plasticsyuav tsum tau mus kom ze nrog ceev faj. Lawv muaj lawv qhov chaw nyob rau yav tom ntej, tab sis lawv yuav tsum tau coj mus rau cov kev siv tshwj xeeb uas lawv cov txiaj ntsig ib puag ncig thiab muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev lag luam ncig ua pov thawj. Biodegradable plastics yuav tsum tsis txhob muab daim ntawv tso cai rau cov khib nyiab. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv yuav tsum tau sau npe los qhia tias lawv yuav siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas rau biodegrade, nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej thiab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw twg. Cov khoom lag luam uas zoo li yuav raug pov tseg suav nrog cov uas tau them los ntawm Ib Leeg-Siv Cov Lus Qhia Plastics tsis tuaj yeem lees paub los yog sau npe tias biodegradable.
Industrially compostable plasticsyuav tsum tsuas yog siv thaum lawv muaj kev pab cuam ib puag ncig, lawv tsis cuam tshuam qhov zoo ntawm cov compost thiab thaum muaj ib tug zoo biowaste sau thiab kho system nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Industrially compostable ntim tsuas yog tso cai rau lub hnab tshuaj yej, lim kas fes pods thiab ntaub qhwv, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub stickers, thiab lub hnab yas heev. Cov khoom lag luam yuav tsum nco ntsoov qhia tias lawv tau ntawv pov thawj rau kev lag luam composting, raws li EU cov qauv.
Cov kauj ruam tom ntej
Lub tswv yim ntawm kev ntim khoom thiab ntim khoom pov tseg tam sim no yuav raug txiav txim siab los ntawm European Parliament thiab Council, nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem tsim cai lij choj.
Txoj cai tswjfwm ntawm biobased, biodegradable thiab compostable plastics yuav coj EU kev ua haujlwm yav tom ntej ntawm qhov teeb meem no, piv txwv li kev cai ecodesign rau cov khoom lag luam ruaj khov, kev pab nyiaj txiag thiab kev sib tham thoob ntiaj teb. Lub Commission txhawb kom cov pej xeem, pej xeem cov cai thiab cov lag luam siv lub moj khaum no hauv lawv txoj cai, kev nqis peev lossis kev txiav txim siab yuav khoom.
Keeb kwm
Cov khoom lag luam xav tau kev ntim khoom kom muaj kev tiv thaiv thiab kev thauj mus los zoo, tab sis kev ntim khoom thiab ntim khoom pov tseg muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau ib puag ncig thiab siv cov ntaub ntawv nkauj xwb. Tus nqi ntim khoom pov tseg tau loj hlob, feem ntau ntawm kev nrawm dua li GDP. Kev ntim khoom pov tseg tau nce ntau dua 20% hauv 10 xyoo dhau los hauv EU thiab kwv yees tias yuav nce ntxiv 19% txog 2030, yog tias tsis muaj kev nqis tes ua.
Biobased, biodegradable thiab compostable plastics tau tshwm sim hauv peb lub neej txhua hnub raws li kev hloov pauv rau cov khoom siv niaj hnub. Cov pej xeem tuaj yeem pom lawv piv txwv hauv kev ntim khoom, cov khoom siv thiab textiles nrog rau lwm cov haujlwm. Txij li thaum lawv hu ua 'bio', cov neeg siv khoom muaj kev nkag siab tias lawv yuav tsum zoo rau ib puag ncig. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsuas yog muaj tseeb rau qee yam.
Hnub no lub pob hais txog cov teeb meem no ua raws li thawj pob nyiaj txiag ntawm Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam tau txais kev pom zoo thaum Lub Peb Hlis 2022. Nws suav nrog Txoj Cai Tshiab ntawm Ecodesign for Sustainable Products, EU Strategy for Sustainable and Circular Textiles, thiab tau npaj cov kev ntsuas tshiab los txhawb cov neeg siv khoom thiab pab lawv ua lub luag haujlwm puv ntoob hauv kev hloov pauv ntsuab.
